Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most widespread tumors affecting the urinary system and the fifth-leading cause from cancer death in men worldwide. Despite PC mortality rates have been decreasing during the last years, most likely due to an intensification of early diagnosis, still more than 300,000 men die each year because of this disease. In this view, researchers in all countries are engaged in finding new ways to tackle PC, including the design and synthesis of novel molecular and macromolecular entities able to challenge different PC biological targets, while limiting the extent of unwanted side effects that significantly limit men's life quality. Among this field of research, photo-induced therapies, such as photodynamic and photothermal therapies (PDT and PTT), might represent an important advancement in PC treatment due to their extremely localized and controlled cytotoxic effect, as well as their low incidence of side effects and tumor resistance occurrence. Based on these considerations, this review aims to gather and discuss the last 5-years literature reports dealing with the synthesis and biological activity of molecular conjugates and nano-platforms for photo-induced therapies as co-adjuvant or combined therapeutic modalities for the treatment of localized PC.
Highlights
Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common tumors in the urinary system and a serious threat to men’s health
Once the disease has spread outside the prostate, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) by surgical or chemical castration is preferred in order to decrease circulating testosterone levels
photodynamic therapy (PDT) employs exogeneous reactive oxygen species and other oxygenbased radicals to kill cancer cells, while PTT exploits the combination of light and special photo-absorbing systems for inducing a local hyper-heating responsible of cells death
Summary
Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common tumors in the urinary system and a serious threat to men’s health. The paper only focuses on the conjugate synthesis and characterization, demonstrating that it is very efficient in producing PpIX in PC3 prostate cancer cells outperforming free 5-ALA in terms of fluorescence production, paving the way for a new and safe 5-ALA formulation (Babicet al., 2018) Another approach involving PpIX was proposed by FidanziDugas and coworkers; in particular, the authors describe the conjugation of PpIX (4, Figure 4), with targeting molecules, i.e., polyamines, for achieving better PC selectivity and higher PDT efficacy (Fidanzi-Dugas et al, 2017). Cmpd. 9: laser Wang X. et al, diode equipped 2016 with fiber optic/672 nm Cmpd. 10: diode LED light/690 nm
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
