Abstract
Nuclear fragments emitted at 3.5 degrees in 12C fragmentation at 0.6 GeV/nucleon have been measured. The spectra obtained are used for testing the predictions of four ion-ion interaction models: INCL++, BC, LAQGSM03.03 and QMD as well as for the comparison with the analytical parametrization in the framework of thermodynamical picture of fragmentation.
Highlights
The study of emission of light fragments is important to understand the nature of ion-ion interactions
Fragment yields from the reaction 9Be(12C, f)X (f − fragments from p to 7Li) at 0.6 GeV/nucleon were measured and compared to prediction of four models of ion-ion interactions
The INCL++ describes all momentum spectra rather well, both in the region of fragmentation peak and in the cumulative region while all other models underestimate the experimental results in the cumulative region
Summary
The study of emission of light fragments is important to understand the nature of ion-ion interactions. In the last one the fragment momenta per nucleon are much higher than momentum per nucleon of the projectile This gives a good testing ground for a comparison with predictions of different ion-ion interaction models. The relative cross sections d2σ/(dΩdp), where p is the fragment momentum in a laboratory frame, were calculated. They are shown for hydrogen, helium and lithium isotopes in comparison with the calculations by four models: INCL++ (Fig. 1(a)), BC (Fig. 1(b)), LAQGSM (Fig. 1(c)) and QMD (Fig. 1(d)). All the models reproduce well the energy dependence of the differential cross sections of the fragment yields. Model prediction for the cross section at fragmentation peak maxima differ by no more than 2−3 times. Close, but INCL++ gives better description of the experimental data, which is especially noticeable in the areas far from the fragmentation peak maxima
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