Abstract
We apply a rigorous dipole model to analyze the light outcoupling and angular performance of quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED). To illustrate the design principles, we use a red QLED as an example and compare its performance with an organic light emitting diode (OLED). By combining a high refractive index glass substrate with macroextractors, our simulation results indicate that the light outcoupling efficiency is doubled from ~40% to ~80%. After analyzing the light emission spectra and angular radiation pattern of the device, we confirm that QLED has a much weaker color shift than OLED.
Highlights
Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) have been widely used in smartphones and tablets [1], and general lighting [2]
The demonstration of a highly efficient top-emitting flexible quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED) indicate that QLED is catching up with organic light emitting diode (OLED) in the generation flexible display [12]
We focus on the EL type, namely quantum-dot light emitting diode (QLED)
Summary
Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) have been widely used in smartphones and tablets [1], and general lighting [2]. 2) In an OLED, all organic charge transport layers are the mainstream [17]; while in a QLED the hybrid organic-inorganic charge transport layers are preferred to ensure high efficiency [14, 18] Because these inorganic materials, such as ZnO and TiO2, usually have higher refractive indices than the organic layers [19], they will influence the light outcoupling of QLED structures. A red QLED with 90% IQE has been demonstrated [19] This IQE is comparable to that of the state-of-the-art OLED stacks, suggesting that the outcoupling efficiency will soon become the bottleneck of these highly efficient QLEDs. In this paper, we utilize the dipole model [22] to analyze the outcoupling of QLEDs. In the meantime, we discuss the light emission spectra, color shift, and angular. Our optical model can be extended to Blue QLED as well
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