Abstract
Oil either from macaúba (Acrocomia aculeate) and palm (Elaeis guineensis) fruit kernel was transesterified with methanol through the classical reaction with homogeneous alkaline catalyst. The produced fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) were further fractionated via atmospheric distillation as a step to obtain enriched fractions in short-molecular chain esters, ranging from C8 to C14, in a perspective to be blended with the conventional mineral jet fuel (Jet A-1). In this report, such blends of light biodiesels with Jet A-1 kerosene are described for their density, distillation fractions according to the temperature, structure changes under thermal treatments, by thermogravimetry and differential calorimetry analyses, freezing point, flash point, and calorific value. The blends corresponding to 5, 10 and 20 vol% in enriched short-chain esters with kerosene revealed values well within the recommended limits by the ASTM D1655. Light biodiesels, which are rich in lauric acid (C12:0) methyl esters are suitable to be blended with the Jet A-1 kerosene up to at least 5 vol%. Those blends could produce virtually very similar fuels, regarding the main technical standard properties, to the conventional fossil kerosene for jet engines, particularly concerning the moisture content, the density, its behavior in distillation and the flash point.
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