Abstract
The light-based Internet of things (LIoT) concept defines nodes that exploit light to (a) power up their operation by harvesting light energy and (b) provide full-duplex wireless connectivity. In this paper, we explore the LIoT concept by designing, implementing, and evaluating the communication and energy harvesting performance of a LIoT node. The use of components based on printed electronics (PE) technology is adopted in the implementation, supporting the vision of future fully printed LIoT nodes. In fact, we envision that as PE technology develops, energy-autonomous LIoT nodes will be entirely printed, resulting in cost-efficient, flexible and highly sustainable connectivity solutions that can be attached to the surface of virtually any object. However, the use of PE technology poses additional challenges to the task, as the performance of these components is typically considerably poorer than that of conventional components. In the study, printed photovoltaic cells, printed OLEDs (organic light-emitting diodes) as well as printed displays are used in the node implementation. The dual-mode operation of the proposed LIoT node is demonstrated, and its communication performance in downlink and uplink directions is evaluated. In addition, the energy harvesting system’s behaviour is studied and evaluated under different illumination scenarios and based on the results, a novel self-operating limitation aware algorithm for LIoT nodes is proposed.
Highlights
The Internet of things (IoT) paradigm aims at providing wireless connectivity to virtually any object, such as machines, specialised sensors and actuators, home and office appliances, and everyday items
We have shown that idle The transmit mode can improve theLIoT
light-based Internet of things (LIoT) smartselection label does not made requirefor a higher data experiment results, hardwareof components were the prototype rate for its functionality, approximately kbps of does low data rate was used for implementation
Summary
The Internet of things (IoT) paradigm aims at providing wireless connectivity to virtually any object, such as machines, specialised sensors and actuators, home and office appliances, and everyday items. The number of connected IoT devices is rapidly growing, and it is estimated a several-fold increase in the number of these devices by the end of this decade from the current 10 billion (2021). Providing wireless connectivity to a massive number of IoT nodes needs to be performed in an efficient manner, considering the use of key resources such as energy, spectrum and network infrastructure. IoT technology should be designed to be an effective communication system and a sustainable one. The design of both network infrastructure and IoT nodes needs to be carefully considered to fulfil these goals
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
