Abstract
In order to grasp the aerodynamic characteristics of wings in ground effect, theoretical calculations were made for the ground-effect wings of lift enhancement by the two dimensional panel method assuming that the free surface is rigid wall. Trend analysis and parametric studies on the ground effect have been conducted to evaluate the kind of wings and the modulated wings with the slotted slats and flaps. The tendencies of oscillating the aerodynamic performances of wings have happened cyclically through the growth of the swirls on the surface of airfoils even if in the ground effect. These oscillating frequencies have been shown to reduce through the strong ground effect. Through controlling the growth of the swirls by these wings with slotted slats and flaps there were attained the high tendencies of the lift-drag ratios and rather than less movement on the center of pressure.
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