Abstract
Cognitive decline is a growing medical concern. It includes age-related cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia. Dementia results in considerable dysfunction in life and is associated with an increase in mortality. Since there is no cure at this time, attention is being increasingly directed towards prevention. Lifestyle factors, such as smoking, alcoholism, physical inactivity, poor diet, improper sleep, and loneliness are repeatedly being recognized as modifiable factors that can reduce cognitive decline. This manuscript briefly reviews the lifestyle-cognition relationship.
Highlights
Cognition, a normal function of the brain, consists of perceiving, processing, and administrating information [1]
Dementia results in cognitive decline severe enough to interfere with social and occupational functioning [6]
According to Li et al, adherence to healthy lifestyles could prolong life expectancy at age 50 by 14.0 years in US females and 12.2 years in US males compared with individuals who adopted zero low-risk lifestyle factors [21]
Summary
A normal function of the brain, consists of perceiving, processing, and administrating information [1]. This ability progressively declines when we age, and this is considered normal [2]. The global prevalence of dementia is approximately 50 million, and this number is projected to reach 131.5 million by 2050 [7] It is usually seen in the elderly population and it is estimated that it affects 5–8% of people aged 60+ years [8]. AD is a progressive disease [10], and the cognitive decline severely disturbs social and occupational functioning [6]. The focus on healthy lifestyles and their impact on cognition is gaining more attention in the medical circles [15]
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