Abstract
Objective: To study changes in lifestyle and biological risk markers in a 24-year follow-up study, and occurrences of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), cancer and total mortality from official registers. Design: A 24-year follow-up survey and register study of a cohort of men 33 - 42 years old, examined with a health profile at baseline. With the health profile based on lifestyle, biological risk markers, self-rated mental stress and mental health, the men were separated in different risk groups. Setting: Primary health care center of Habo in Sweden. Subjects: All 757 men, 33 - 42 years old, and living in the community of Habo in Sweden in 1985. Main Outcome Measures: Lifestyle, biological risk markers, morbidity from CVD and cancer, and total mortality. Results: Smoking and physical activity decreased during follow-up time while alcohol consumption increased. Biological risk markers, except diastolic blood pressure, deteriorated significantly with age. Based on three- lifestyle groups, 16 % of the men had a more favorable lifestyle and 19% had a less favorable life-style at follow-up compared with baseline. The men, who had been classified as high-risk, based on the health profile at baseline, had a significantly higher incidence of CVD and cancer in the register study compared to men in a low-risk group. The baseline non-participant group had a significantly higher incidence of CVD and a higher mortality compared to the low-risk group. Conclusion: A health profile with a combination of lifestyle factors and biological risk markers can already at the age of 33 - 42 years predict incidence of CVD and cancer on group level among men after 24 years.
Highlights
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of total mortality and premature death in Sweden as well as in other Western countries [1] [2]
According to the INTERHEART study, more than 90% of the risk for acute myocardial infarction could be explained by nine modifiable risk factors, most of them being lifestyle factors [4]
In this study blood pressure above normal was significantly related to increased mortality due to CVD and all causes
Summary
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of total mortality and premature death (before 75 years of age) in Sweden as well as in other Western countries [1] [2]. During the period 1997 up to 2012 premature mortality in myocardial infarction has decreased with approximately 50 % in Sweden and most western countries [3]. According to the INTERHEART study, more than 90% of the risk for acute myocardial infarction could be explained by nine modifiable risk factors, most of them being lifestyle factors [4]. In a Swedish study non-smoking, moderate physical activity and minor alcohol consumption together with four healthy dietary habits could identify 60-year-old men and women with substantially lower risk for CVD and death [8]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
