Lifecycle Assessment of the Contact Smart Card Product in Indonesia

Abstract

Smart Contact Cards have been widely used in Indonesia, especially in the banking sector. Bank Indonesia data shows an increase in the production of Card-Based Payment Instruments (APMK) consisting of Credit Cards, Debit Cards and Debit+ATM Cards. This is also followed by an increase in transactions using APMK from year to year. The large amount of contact Smart Card waste that is disposed of every year presents a major risk of environmental pollution. This study evaluates the potential environmental impact of the contact Smart Card product based on a life cycle assessment (LCA). The input data for all elements are obtained from the literature study with Gate-to-Gate System Constraints. The assessment was carried out with the help of OpenLCA v.1.8.0 software, ELCD 3.2 database and CML (Baseline) impact assessment method. The results of the analysis show that Marine aquatic ecotoxicity is a significant potential environmental impact with a magnitude of 96%, followed by Acidification and Human Toxicity. Each contact Smart Card has 62,04526 kg1,4-DBeq in Marine Aquatic Ecotoxicity Potential, 2,22473 kgSO2eq as Acidification Potential and 0.37285 kg1,4-DBeq as Human Toxicity Potential. Further examination also shows that most of the impact comes from the choice of materials used. Copper material as the main material for the chip module plays an important role in providing environmental impact.