Lifecycle assessment and electro-spinning technique for a sustainable fiber bottle production system with controllable waste and wastewater treatment

Abstract

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is the preferred packaging material for beverages in the petrochemical industry. In this study, PET waste bottles were used to prepare cost-effective sustainable green fiber through green electro-spinning, with waste management and wastewater treatment. The study proposes a fiber bottle production model that consists of a single waste supplier and a single fiber bottle producer operating within a circular framework. The model takes into consideration green investment, waste management, and water treatment to reduce waste bottles from the fiber industry. The effect of emission reduction technology and waste minimization technology with carbon cap policy are studied, and found that the industry benefits from investments in green technology and waste minimization technology by generating 8.076% more profit while less emissions and waste through r-PET compared to virgin PET. The numerical example has been provided to illustrate the optimization procedure for finding the optimal solution. Sensitivity analysis and managerial framework in the petrochemical industry are presented to observe the changes in decision variables when key parameters are changed. The study concludes that the implementation of the reuse, recycle, and reduce the concept of circularity for the end-of-life processing with life cycle assessment and material recovery. Upcycling PET waste bottles into high-values-added products may enhance the supply chain profit with less pollution, which is the ultimate goal of a sustainable economic model.