Abstract
This paper examines the economy-wide environmental impacts linked to network expansion decisions in the ‘Anytown’ benchmark water distribution network. The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is used to generate Pareto-optimal solutions of the benchmark ‘Anytown’ network expansion problem. An economic input-output life-cycle analysis (EIO-LCA) model is used to evaluate air emissions generated in the manufacturing of PVC and ductile iron (DI) pipes, steel tanks, and to evaluate the generation of electricity for pumping in water distribution network optimization. Preliminary results suggested that differences in inner diameter of DI and PVC pipes produced differences in Pareto-optimal fronts for the two pipe materials. Air emissions generated in pipe manufacturing and electricity production for pumping water were greater than air emissions linked to steel tank manufacturing for both pipe materials.
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