Abstract
The relationship between the incidence of disability and cognitive function has been clarified, but whether life satisfaction is related to this relationship is unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to clarify whether life satisfaction is related to the relationship between the incidence of disability and mild cognitive impairment. We included 2563 older adults from the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology–Study of Geriatric Syndromes. Baseline measurements included cognitive, life satisfaction, and demographic characteristics. Life satisfaction was measured using the Life Satisfaction Scale, which was stratified into three levels based on the score: lower, moderate, and higher. Associations between disability incidence and mild cognitive impairment were examined for each group according to life satisfaction, and monthly assessment for disability was monitored through long-term care insurance certification for at least 2 years from the baseline. At a 35.5-month mean follow-up, 150 participants had developed a disability. The potential confounding factors adjusted hazard for incidence of disability in the group with lower life satisfaction was 1.88 (CI: 1.05–3.35; p = 0.034) for mild cognitive impairment. Mild cognitive impairment was associated with disability incidence, and the effect was more pronounced among older adults with lower life satisfaction.
Highlights
Published: 19 June 2021Japan is expected to have the highest percentage of older adults in the world, with39.9% of the population aged 65 years or older by 2050 [1]
MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; GDS, 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale; ref, reference. In this observational prospective cohort study of adults enrolled in a population-based cohort study, we found an increased incidence rate of disability for individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)
Lower life satisfaction was associated with an increased disability risk among individuals with MCI; this increased risk diminished among individuals who had NC
Summary
Japan is expected to have the highest percentage of older adults in the world, with. 39.9% of the population aged 65 years or older by 2050 [1]. In developed countries facing population aging, including Japan, many older adults need nursing care [1,2]. Since the introduction of Japan’s Long-Term Care Insurance (LTCI) system in 2000, the number of older adults who need LTCI services has been increasing. About 6.4 million people are using the Japanese LTCI system [3]. Cerebrovascular disease, and agerelated weaknesses have been identified as the main causes of disability in older Japanese adults of both sexes [3].
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