Abstract
Myxogastria is a group of protozoa characterized by cellular uninucleate amoeboflagellates (myxamoebae and flagellated swarm cell), acellular multinucleate plasmodia, and stationary spore‐bearing sporocarps. The Stemonitales is a large order in the Myxogastria and contains approximately 230 species, but only 13 species have their completed life cycles observed so far. Here, we described the life cycles of two species in Stemonitales, Stemonitopsis typhina and Stemonitis fusca by culturing in water agar medium and observing the morphogenesis of their spore germination, plasmodium, and sporocarp development. The spore‐to‐spore life cycles of Ste. typhina and S. fusca were completed in approximately 67 and 12 d, respectively. Both species possessed an aphanoplasmodium. However, the spores of Ste. typhina and S. fusca germinated by the V‐shape split and pore methods, respectively. Unlike S. fusca with an evanescent peridium, Ste. typhina produced a shiny persistent peridium which was continuous with the membrane surrounding its stalk. The information will contribute to a better understanding of their taxonomy and phylogeny.
Highlights
Myxogastria is a group of protozoa characterized by cellular uninucleate amoeboflagellates, acellular multinucleate plasmodia, and stationary spore-bearing sporocarps
Plasmodium Sixty-four days after spore germination, the mature plasmodia of Ste. typhina were observed on the 2% water agar surface
Preservation of the mature trophic stage of the plasmodium was successful for 2 yr by sub-culturing it every month in fresh 2% water agar media sprinkled with sterile oak and decayed tree log powder
Summary
Myxogastria is a group of protozoa characterized by cellular uninucleate amoeboflagellates (myxamoebae and flagellated swarm cell), acellular multinucleate plasmodia, and stationary spore-bearing sporocarps. We described the life cycles of two species in Stemonitales, Stemonitopsis typhina and Stemonitis fusca by culturing in water agar medium and observing the morphogenesis of their spore germination, plasmodium, and sporocarp development. The spore-to-spore life cycles of Ste. typhina and S. fusca were completed in approximately 67 and 12 d, respectively THE true slime molds (myxomycetes or Myxogastria) is the largest group in the phylum Amoebozoa (Adl et al 2012; Kang et al 2017), which is a group of protozoa characterized by cellular uninucleate amoeboflagellates (myxamoebae and flagellated swarm cell), acellular multinucleate plasmodia, and stationary spore-bearing sporocarps. Irregular phenotype forms can be produced by abnormal or unstable environmental conditions during sporulation This has made the discovery of artificial methods of inducing myxogastria sporulation very important especially in studying their development from spore-to-spore (Alexopoulos 1969). It is a genus between Stemonitis and Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 2020, 67, 66–75
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