Life-Cycle Assessment of the Wastewater Treatment Technologies in Indonesia’s Fish-Processing Industry

Shinji Takeshita,Hooman Farzaneh,Mehrnoosh Dashti

doi:10.3390/en13246591

Shinji Takeshita, Hooman Farzaneh + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/en13246591

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Abstract

In this paper, a comprehensive life-cycle assessment (LCA) is carried out in order to evaluate the multiple environmental-health impacts of the biological wastewater treatment of the fish-processing industry throughout its life cycle. To this aim, the life-cycle impact assessment method based on endpoint modeling (LIME) was considered as the main LCA model. The proposed methodology is based on an endpoint modeling framework that uses the conjoint analysis to calculate damage factors for human health, social assets, biodiversity, and primary production, based on Indonesia’s local data inventory. A quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) is integrated with the LIME modeling framework to evaluate the damage on human health caused by five major biological treatment technologies, including chemical-enhanced primary clarification (CEPC), aerobic-activated sludge (AS), up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB), ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) in this industry. Finally, a life-cycle costing (LCC) is carried out, considering all the costs incurred during the lifetime. The LCA results revealed that air pollution and gaseous emissions from electricity consumption have the most significant environmental impacts in all scenarios and all categories. The combined utilization of the UF and RO technologies in the secondary and tertiary treatment processes reduces the health damage caused by microbial diseases, which contributes significantly to reducing overall environmental damage.

Highlights

IntroductionIndonesia’s fish-processing industry has been ranked among all industrial units with the worst water pollution level, due to limited access to wastewater management technologies [1]
A quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) is integrated with the LIME modeling framework to evaluate the damage on human health caused by five major biological treatment technologies, including chemical-enhanced primary clarification (CEPC), aerobic-activated sludge (AS), up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB), ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) in this industry
The SimaPro 7.1.8 software was used to carry out the life-cycle assessment (LCA) in this study

Summary

Introduction

Indonesia’s fish-processing industry has been ranked among all industrial units with the worst water pollution level, due to limited access to wastewater management technologies [1]. The effluent from the fish processing factories contains a high level of organic wastewater concentration, which is partially attributable to the challenges of enforcing water pollution regulations. Biological treatment can be considered the most effective technology for such a sewer, discharged from the fish-processing factories. The implementation of biological wastewater treatment technologies is usually accompanied by consuming massive amounts of chemicals and energy, resulting in both air and water pollution, which could cause adverse environmental impacts [3]. In this research, a comprehensive life-cycle assessment (LCA) will be carried out in order to evaluate the multiple environmental-health impacts of the biological wastewater treatment of the fish processing industry, through its life cycle

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