Abstract
Research on the environmental benefits of carbon capture and utilization (CCU) in cement production so far, has predominantly emphasized energy efficiency enhancements and CO2 emission reductions at a CCU product level, neglecting broader environmental consequences for the sector. This research broadens this perspective by providing an extensive life cycle assessment (LCA) of a circular Portland cement (CPC) model. Synthesized methane is used as input fuel through green hydrogen and calcium-looping (CaL) post-combustion captured CO2 from cement flue gas. Comparative analysis with ordinary Portland cement (OPC) reveals significant reductions in climate change and fossil resource use environmental impact categories. However, trade-offs are evident in acidification, water use, and minerals and metals resource consumption. The electrolysis system is a critical contributor due to the high electricity demand for hydrogen production, and its environmental impact depends largely on the renewable electricity source. The wind-based electrolysis model yields the most favourable results, followed by mixed (50% solar – 50% wind) and solar scenarios. These findings offer valuable insights for the cement industry, supporting stakeholders decision making on the adoption of sustainable circular production methods.
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