Abstract
Long-term product improvement requires detailed analysis that includes information from the entire product life cycle. Life cycle assessment according to the standards ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 provides information on the environmental impact of products throughout their life cycle. The aim of the study is to analyze the environmental impact of a multicomponent plastic product in two variants and the associated customized tools using life cycle assessment. The subject of this analysis is the previous and the improved design of a multicomponent plastic cap for 19 l water bottles and the associated custom-manufactured tools. The main improvements of the custom-made tools are in the larger number of cores, and the new cap design was improved with fewer components and mass. The results show that the production and packaging of the improved multicomponent plastic cap has more than two times lower environmental impacts in the categories of global warming potential, freshwater eutrophication, terrestrial acidification ozone formation, human health and non reneweable, fossil. The environmental impact of custom injection moulding tools is strongly influenced by the capacity of the injection moulding machine and the number of cores or number of products that can be produced in a batch. In addition, the results of the improved 19 l multicomponent plastic cap showed a lower environmental impact compared to previous studie of the 5 l plastic cap.
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