Abstract
Abstract Large-scale cement production has led to serious environmental issues since the process is energy and resource intensive. Moreover, the cement industry is one of the sources of anthropogenic CO2 emissions. As a matter of fact, in the Philippines, the CO2 emission increased by 88.23% in over a decade. Hence, this research conducted a life cycle assessment of blended cement products in a cement manufacturing facility in Bulacan, Philippines from cradle to gate. The research utilized functional units of one metric ton of clinker, and one metric ton of blended cement. For the life cycle assessment (LCA), SimaPro 9.3.0.3 software was employed, and the impact assessment was conducted using the IPCC 2021 Global Warming Potential (GWP) at a 100-year timeframe and the Cumulative Energy Demand Method. Results of the research showed that the baseline carbon footprint and cumulative energy demand for the clinker are 995 kg CO2-eqv and 4.74 x 103 MJ, respectively. Also, the baseline carbon footprint and cumulative energy demand for the blended cement are 760 kg CO2-eqv and 4.13 x 103 MJ, respectively. Further, the evaluation of the carbon footprint of clinker, and blended cement in this research is comparable with the results from similar studies, with slight variation on certain instances. The energy utilization in the production of clinker, and blended cement in this research is significantly lower than the result of other studies
Published Version
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