Abstract
This study describes the technological processes and characteristics of biomass direct combustion power generation, biomass gasification power generation, biomass mixed combustion power generation, and biomass biogas power generation in terms of their importance and application in China. Under the perspective of environmental and economic sustainability, the life cycle assessment (LCA) method and dynamic analysis method based on time value are used to simulate and evaluate the environmental loads and economic benefits of different power generation processes. By comparing with coal-fired power generation systems, the environmental and economic benefits of different biomass power generation technologies are illustrated. The results shows that biomass gasification power generation has the best environmental benefits, with a total load of 1.05 × 10−5, followed by biomass biogas power generation (9.21 × 10−5), biomass direct combustion power generation (1.23 × 10−4), and biomass mixed combustion power generation (3.88 × 10−4). Compared with the environmental load of coal-fired power generation, the reduction rate was 97.69%, 79.69%, 72.87%, and 14.56% respectively. According to the analysis of the technical economy evaluation results, when the dynamic pay-back period and IRR (internal rate of return) were used as evaluation indicators, the biomass direct combustion power generation has the best pay-back period (7.71 years) and IRR (19.16%), followed by the biogas power generation, with higher dynamic payback period (12.03 years), and lower IRR (13.49%). For gasification power generation and mixed-combustion power generation, their dynamic payback period is long, and the IRR is low. If net present value (NPV) is selected as the evaluation index, the biogas power generation appears to be the best because its net present value per megawatt is 11.94 million yuan, followed by direct combustion power generation (6.09 million yuan), and the net present value of mixed-combustion power generation and gasification power generation is relatively low. Compared with coal-fired power generation, direct combustion power generation and biogas power generation present significant economic benefits.
Highlights
The depletion of fossil fuels and environmental deterioration has become the shackles of social development [1,2,3]
Since the beginning of the new century, in order to alleviate the dual pressure of future energy and environment, the state has issued a series of biomass promotion policies to support the rapid development of biomass energy and improve the level as well as application scale of domestic biomass power generation
Based on the economic parameters in the construction and operation periods of the biomass power plant project, the economic benefit calculation model of the biomass power plant was constructed in order to carry out the economic evaluation of the power plant
Summary
The depletion of fossil fuels and environmental deterioration has become the shackles of social development [1,2,3]. Biomass energy has the characteristics of comprehensive sources, abundant reserves, low emissions, and renewable resources with high application potential [4,5,6]. Due to the difference in resource conditions and environmental requirements, the development policies and R&D priorities of biomass energy in various countries are different. Since the beginning of the new century, in order to alleviate the dual pressure of future energy and environment, the state has issued a series of biomass promotion policies to support the rapid development of biomass energy and improve the level as well as application scale of domestic biomass power generation. From the perspective of environmental sustainability and the industrial economy, the whole life cycle assessment (LCA) and dynamic analysis method respectively based on the time value are used in this paper to analyze the environmental input–output list and the capital input–output list of significant domestic biomass power generation technologies. The environment load and technical economy index are calculated, and the results are compared with coal-fired power to clarify the environmental and economic benefits of different biomass power generation technologies
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