Life Course Perspectives of Aging With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders in Psychiatric and Long-Term Care Facilities.

Abstract

Individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders must manage residual symptoms as they age, and they may experience premature or accelerated aging in comparison with those without their diagnosis. To explore their life course perspectives, we interviewed institutionalized adults aging with schizophrenia spectrum disorders in middle and older age. We used an exploratory descriptive design and qualitative methods. Participants answered semistructured, open-ended questions about perceptions of their mental illness along the life course. Participants (N = 30, age 45-83 years) were from an acute care psychiatric facility and a long-term care facility: 16 (53%) men, 14 (47%) women; 6 (20%) Hispanic, 10 (33%) African American, 14 (47%) non-Hispanic White. Participants' life course included traumas from violence, homelessness, and stigma; psychiatric symptoms such as worry and sadness; and age-related physiological symptoms including illness, loss of strength, falls, and incontinence, with falls and incontinence reported only in long-term care. Aging within institutionalization included lack of privacy and autonomy, and isolation (less socialization). Participants provided insights for potential improvements. Because these aging adults are experts on their own care, researchers should continue to seek their input to inform their healthcare.