Life condition assessment of scotch pine in the area of location of municipal solid waste landfill “Zhiroshkino”

Abstract

The bioindication method is used to assess the general vital condition of coniferous phytocoenoses growing at different distances (0.25, 0.75, 1.4, 2.4 km) from municipal solid waste landfill Zhiroshkino (Moscow region, Domodedovo district). The object of study is ordinary pine ( Pinus sylvestris L. ), as the most sensitive to the action of pollutants and often used in Russia phytoindicator. The state of generative organs (number of old and new cones, increase of shoots), defoliation and depigmentation class were selected as diagnostic indicators; the category of vital condition was determined and the stand state index was calculated. It was found out that closed objects of production and consumption waste disposal have a negative impact on the stand of an ordinary pine tree. Thus, trees growing at a distance of 250 m from the landfill within its sanitary-protective zone, according to the stand status index are characterized as strongly weakened. At the distance from the waste landfill the tendency of increasing the number of healthy trees in the structure of phytocoenosis was recorded, and their vital condition was assessed as weakened by the growing stock. The index of stand condition, classes of defoliation and depigmentation, the number of generative organs have reached the control values (Kuzminsky Forest Park, the prevailing category of weakened trees) at the distance of 2.4 km from the disposal site. However, the values of these indicators are much lower than the background ones (Prioksko-Terrasny Reserve, the prevailing category healthy trees) for all studied coniferous phytocoenoses. The conclusion is made about the possibility of bioindication method using morphological features of ordinary pine as an express method of assessment of negative impact of waste disposal objects on the environment.