Lie Symmetries, Perturbation to Symmetries and Adiabatic Invariants of a Generalized Birkhoff System

Abstract

We study the perturbation to symmetries and adiabatic invariants of a generalized Birkhoff system. Based on the invariance of differential equations under infinitesimal transformations, Lie symmetries, laws of conservations, perturbation to the symmetries and adiabatic invariants of the generalized Birkhoff system are presented. First, the concepts of Lie symmetries and higher order adiabatic invariants of the generalized Birkhoff system are proposed. Then, the conditions for the existence of the exact invariants and adiabatic invariants are proved, and their forms are given. Finally, an example is presented to illustrate the method and results.