Abstract
Lie group analysis of the photo-induced fluorescence of Drosophila oogenesis with the asymmetrically localized Gurken protein has been performed systematically to assess the roles of ligand-receptor complexes in follicle cells. The (2×2) matrix representations resulting from the polarized tissue spectra were employed to characterize the asymmetrical Gurken distributions. It was found that the fluorescence of the wild-type egg shows the Lie point symmetry X 23 at early stages of oogenesis. However, due to the morphogen regulation by intracellular proteins and extracellular proteins, the fluorescence of the embryogenesis with asymmetrically localized Gurken expansions exhibits specific symmetry features: Lie point symmetry Z 1 and Lie point symmetry X 1. The novel approach developed herein was successfully used to validate that the invariant-theoretical characterizations are consonant with the observed asymmetric fluctuations during early embryological development.
Highlights
The understanding of how multicelluar organisms regulate and control proliferation, differentiation, and cell survival during embryonic development is one of the biggest challenges facing science [1]
Confocal microscopic images have revealed that an expansion of the Gurken distribution is positively regulated by the Dally-like protein (Dlp) causes, while the extent of the Gurken gradient is negatively regulated by Drosophila Casitas B-lineage lymphoma Long form-type (D-CblL) [14]
We focus on the Gurken gradient distribution and the composition of the nonsymmetrical pattern in the developmental stages of Drosophila oogenesis to produce a series of researches
Summary
The understanding of how multicelluar organisms regulate and control proliferation, differentiation, and cell survival during embryonic development is one of the biggest challenges facing science [1]. The developments of higher organisms are derived from embryos, while the embryo is composed of germ cells They are divided into asymmetrical differentiation and resulting embryo axis, whereas this mechanism is generated by the regulation of concentration gradient distribution in the cells. This axis which arose in the Drosophila oogenesis determines the developmental stages. The determination of the body axis is mainly by a specific developmental stage in the performance of the Drosophila oogenesis, called Gurken, which activate the neighboring molecules cell’s membrane epidermal growth factor receptor, triggering a downstream result of the molecular mechanism of transmission. As far as the experimental embryology is concerned, the findings suggest that the morphogens in the follicle cells is regulated by the extracellular and intracellular proteins
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