Abstract
Este estudio examina la representación del árabe y del hebreo en el Tesoro de la lengua castellana o española (Madrid, 1611) desde una perspectiva comparada. Partiendo del discurso ideológico y metalingüístico del lexicógrafo, trato de reconstruir sus postulados en torno a las respectivas historias del hebreo y árabe, la relación entre sí y el papel que desempeñan en la historia del español tal como la narra Covarrubias. A la luz de estos postulados, y teniendo en cuenta los conocimientos del lexicógrafo, así como las fuentes e informantes a los que recurre, examino algunas de sus prácticas etimológicas, y, en particular, sus intentos de emplear sus conocimientos de la gramática y léxico hebreos para iluminar etimologías arábigas de vocablos castellanos. Combinando el nivel ideológico del texto con el técnico, reflexiono sobre la interacción entre saber e ignorancia en el estudio de las lenguas semíticas en el Tesoro.
Highlights
Este estudio examina la representación del árabe y del hebreo en el Tesoro de la lengua castellana o española (Madrid, 1611) desde una perspectiva comparada
The present study examines the representation of Arabic and Hebrew in Covarrubias’s Tesoro de la lengua castellana o española (Madrid, 1611) from a comparative perspective
While Arabic is accessory, at best, to the lexicographer’s universal history of Language, the role it plays in his diachronic account of the development of Spanish far from being marginal. Opening his narrative with an affirmation of Spanish’s Romance identity and a cautious expression of doubt regarding the identity of the language spoken in pre-Roman Iberia, Covarrubias explains that Spanish is a “corrupted” form of the Latin once spoken in the Peninsula, whose vocabulary was altered by the vulgo, and modified through contact with other groups and languages
Summary
The present study examines the representation of Arabic and Hebrew in Covarrubias’s Tesoro de la lengua castellana o española (Madrid, 1611) from a comparative perspective. Analyzing the lexicographer’s ideological and meta-linguistic discourse, I reconstruct his postulates regarding the respective histories of Arabic and Hebrew, their interrelationship, and place in the history of Spanish. In light of these postulates, and taking into account the lexicographer’s access to knowledge, sources, and informants, I examine some of his etymological practices, focusing on his attempts to use grammatical and lexical knowledge of Hebrew to illuminate Arabic etymologies of Spanish words. Combinando el nivel ideológico del texto con el técnico, reflexiono sobre la interacción entre saber e ignorancia en el estudio de las lenguas semíticas en el Tesoro
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