Abstract
This work presents two advancements towards closed-loop wake redirecting of a wind turbine. First, a model-based estimation approach is presented which uses a nacelle-based lidar system facing downwind to obtain information about the wake. A reduced order wake model is described which is then used in the estimation to track the wake. The tracking is demonstrated with lidar measurement data from an offshore campaign and with simulated lidar data from a SOWFA simulation. Second, a controller for closed-loop wake steering is presented. It uses the wake tracking information to set the yaw actuator of the wind turbine to redirect the wake to a desired position. Altogether, this paper aims to present the concept of closed-loop wake redirecting and gives a possible solution to it.
Highlights
In recent years, wind farm control has gained more and more importance in the wind energy control community, due to interactions between individual wind turbines in a wind farm
The wind speed in the wake of a wind turbine is reduced with respect to the free-stream wind speed
If a wind turbine is impacted by a wake from a wind turbine located upwind, the wind turbine produces less power and is faced with higher structural loads because of the increased turbulence; see Borisade et al (2015)
Summary
Wind farm control has gained more and more importance in the wind energy control community, due to interactions between individual wind turbines in a wind farm. The wind speed in the wake of a wind turbine is reduced with respect to the free-stream wind speed. The turbulence in the wake is increased. If a wind turbine is impacted by a wake from a wind turbine located upwind, the wind turbine produces less power and is faced with higher structural loads because of the increased turbulence; see Borisade et al (2015). Describing the wake effects and quantifying the decay has been of interest in research for years. Different models have been developed to address different wake properties, such as the velocity deficit and the increased turbulence intensity. Models with low complexity are steadystate models which describe the interaction in a static manner and no wake propagation is modeled. Further research is needed to develop control-oriented dynamic wake models
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