License obligation for bread safety and business and the effect of bakeries using oven under the building in earthquake damages; a case of February 2023 Earthquakes, Türkiye

Abstract

Food and water supply is important for people's health affected by earthquakes. Food manufacturing areas must be built earthquake-resistant and in accordance with the conditions specified in the legal legislation to provide food security and safety through disasters. A bread and bread varieties business using ovens could be damaged and pose a risk to their neighborhood due to their activities. Production of bread and bread varieties using stone/wood ovens could cause the separation of iron from concrete with the effect of warming and cooling. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of bread and bread varieties businesses located at the entrances of the apartments on the destruction or damage of buildings caused by earthquakes and lack of access to enough safe food. Therefore, the damage to buildings with stone/wood ovens at apartment entrances caused by the earthquake that occurred in Türkiye on 6 February 2023 was evaluated. Some bread producers with ovens that have no independent structures and obtained licenses before the regulation dated 2014, should determine their infrastructural features. Using stove/wood ovens under or at the entrance of the apartments in bakery places could be a risk of causing damage to the column structure. The inspections of bakery places of the municipality and the other authorized organizations must be done more often, and official monitoring should be mandatory for food and environmental safety.