Abstract
In this chapter, we investigate the economic relationship between liberalization and privatization policies, the content of pro-competitive regulation, and the institutional design associated with both liberalization and privatization. We investigate how countries’ deregulation patterns have been characterized by both liberalization and privatization. Here, we introduce an important question: that is, whether there is an optimal sequencing of the reforms. In particular, we explain that there are four dimensions through which liberalization–privatization paths can be characterized (bias, balance, gradualism, and possible reversals). Finally, we analyze both countries’ aggregate and sectoral data and identify the specific patterns that have been chosen by governments in network industries.
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