LIBERALIZATION OF RELATIONS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION HEAT SUPPLY FIELD: BACKGROUND, FIRST RESULTS AND TARIFF CONSEQUENCES

Abstract

The paper considers prerequisites and consequences analysis of the relations in the heat supply field liberalization process of taking place in the Russian Federation. The article is dedicated to theoretical and practical background for liberalization, which determine the possibility and feasibility of a radical change in the system of relations between participants in the heat energy markets. The authors considered the current forms of using competition mechanisms in heat markets: competition between centralized and decentralized heat supply, competition between heat producers, competition for admission to market entry, quasi-competition based on incentive regulation. The article examines Russian instruments for liberalizing heat energy markets. The authors identified the features of the new (target) model of the heat energy market formation and changes in the spheres of responsibility of its individual subjects, including the strengthening of the institution of unified heat supply organizations. Separately, the authors assessed the price (tariff) consequences of the transition to pricing for thermal energy using the “no more expensive than alternative sources of heat” method. This method provides for setting a contractual price for heat energy not higher than a ceiling level that the regulator approves based on the cost of heat supply from an “alternative” heat source (boiler house). The authors investigated changes in prices (tariffs) for heat energy for consumers in municipalities pioneering the transition to price zones of heat supply. The article reveals that the establishment of a tariff by the "alternative boiler house" method did not effect to a sharp rise in prices (tariffs) for consumers. This is based on the application of measures provided for by legislation. In conclusion, the authors made recommendations on further expanding the composition of price zones for heat supply.