Abstract
Turkish Republican history has witnessed the subsequent formation of liberal circles and/or political parties. The circles and/or political parties concerned were either immediately dissolved due to their opposition to Republican principles or they came to terms with these principles, either by force or consent. This had de-liberalising effects on liberal identity. In the 1990s, an intellectual circle was formed and it adopted neo-liberalism as its basic frame of reference. The circle seems to promise a break with Republican encroachment on liberal identity. However, its referential theoretical framework is questionable in terms of democratic extensions. It is the aim of this article to provide a critical assessment of the relationship between Turkish liberal thought and democracy. In order to do so, liberal thought in Republican Turkey is analysed with a view to three themes: anti-e´tatism, individual and nation-state, and democracy.
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