Abstract
Isostructural Li 2MTi 6O 14 (M=Sr, Ba) materials, prepared by a solid state reaction method, have been investigated as insertion electrodes for lithium battery applications. These titanate compounds have a structure that consists of a three-dimensional network of corner- and edge-shared [TiO 6] octahedra, 11-coordinate polyhedra for the alkali-earth ions, and [LiO 4] tetrahedra in tunnels that also contain vacant tetrahedral and octahedral sites. Electrochemical data show that these compounds are capable of reversibly intercalating four lithium atoms in a three-stage process between 1.4 and 0.5 V vs. metallic lithium. The electrodes provide a practical capacity of approximately 140 mAh/g; they are, therefore, possible alternative anode materials to the lithium titanate spinel, Li 4Ti 5O 12. The lithium intercalation mechanism and crystal structure of Li 2MTi 6O 14 (M=Sr, Ba) electrodes are discussed and compared with the electrochemical and structural properties of Li 4Ti 5O 12. The area-specific impedance (ASI) of Li/Li 2SrTi 6O 14 cells was found to be significantly lower than that of Li/Li 4Ti 5O 12 cells.
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