Abstract
Ti-based anode materials with the nominal compositions Li 4Ti 5Cu x O 12 + x ( x = 0, 0.075, 0.15, 0.3, 0.6, 1.20 and 1.67) were synthesized at 800 °C by a solid-state reaction process. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the sintered samples were composed of intergrown spinel-type Li 4Ti 5O 12 and Li 2CuTi 3O 8, and a small amount of Li 2O. Scanning electron microscopy, electrical resistance measurement and galvanostatic cell cycling were also employed to characterize the structure and properties of the double spinel samples. It is proposed that the first lithiation of the component Li 2CuTi 3O 8 leads to the in situ production of Cu that can significantly improve the rate performance of Li 4Ti 5Cu x O 12 + x . The optimal nominal composition is Li 4Ti 5Cu 0.15O 12.15.
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