Levels of small molecules in dormant spores of Sporosarcina species and comparison with levels in spores of Bacillus and Clostridium species

Abstract

Dormant spores of Sporosarcina halophila and Sporosarcina ureae contained no detectable ATP, significant levels of ADP, even higher levels of AMP, and a large pool of 3-phosphoglyceric acid, similar to what is found in dormant spores of Bacillus and Clostridium species. Sporosarcina halophila and S. ureae spores also contained significant pools of free amino acids, in particular glutamic acid, as in the case with spores of Bacillus but not Clostridium species. Levels of monovalent and divalent inorganic cations were comparable in spores of Sporosarcina, Clostridium, and Bacillus species, and cation levels in spores of the slight halophile S. halophila were similar to those in S. ureae spores. These data suggest that levels of small molecules are generally similar in spores of all Gram-positive organisms, and further suggest that these levels reflect fundamental and conserved features of the sporulation process and dormant spores in these organisms. The data are also consistent with the proposed close evolutionary relationship between Bacillus and Sporosarcina species.