Levels of Shading and Reflective Material in Benches for Schizolobium amazonicum Seedlings

Roberto Kennedy Mortate,Heitor Franco De Sousa,Renato Silva Borges,Gustavo Haralampidou Da Costa Vieira,Willams Ferreira Souza Barbosa,Edilson Costa,Geany Giovana Silva Costa

doi:10.5539/jas.v11n5p485

Abstract

High quality forest seedlings are essential for the implementation of a commercial forest system, and it is therefore necessary to study their development in different environments, seeking to identify the most favorable environment for their production. In view of the above, the purpose of this essay was to evaluate the production of quamwood seedlings in different environments and workbenches with reflective material. The study was conducted at the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul-Cassil&acirc;ndia-MS from August to November 2017, in a completely randomized design within each environment and the environments compared by the joint analysis of the data. At the opportunity, produced quamwood seedlings under shade levels of 0% (full sun), 30% under sombrite, 35% under thermo-reflective screen and the agricultural greenhouse with thermo-reflective screen under the film with 42/50% shading. In the interior of each environment the seedlings were placed on cultivation benches with reflective material (aluminum paper) and without reflective material. The environments were compared by the joint analysis, and the results of molt height and lap diameter were measured at 30, 55 and 72 days after transplanting. The experiment was completed at 72 days after transplanting and the destructive analysis of the seedlings was performed, subjecting them to drying in a forced ventilation oven until reaching a constant dry mass. Based on the results obtained, the total dry mass, height and diameter ratio, root dry mass ratio and dry mass root system, absolute growth rate and Dickson quality index were calculated. The protected environments were favorable to the formation of paric&aacute; seedlings. The environment in full sun formed small, but more rustic seedlings. The use of reflective material had a positive effect only in the plastic coverage environment with 42/50% shading screen.

Highlights

Paricá (Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex Ducke) is a species native to the Amazon rainforest and is widely used for reforestation of degraded or deforested areas due to its rapid growth and heterogeneity in planting (Gondin et al, 2015)
The same authors report that in view of their great productive and economic potential, many producers are awakening to their cultivation and this way it is necessary to know the development of the same, mainly in the production of seedlings with high quality, in less time, with low mortality in the field and with low production costs
Considering the large degraded areas existing in the country, wich reach 140 million hectares (IBGE, 2012) and the fact that paricá presents great potential for commercial exploitation and at the same time recovering such degraded areas, the objective of this work was to evaluate the production of paricá seedlings grown under different shaded environments and reflective material, determining wich produces vigorous seedlings

Summary

Introduction

Paricá (Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex Ducke) is a species native to the Amazon rainforest and is widely used for reforestation of degraded or deforested areas due to its rapid growth and heterogeneity in planting (Gondin et al, 2015). The same authors report that in view of their great productive and economic potential, many producers are awakening to their cultivation and this way it is necessary to know the development of the same, mainly in the production of seedlings with high quality, in less time, with low mortality in the field and with low production costs. In order to produce quality seedlings, suitable conditions are required for adequate growth and adequate development of the seedlings, in order to reduce environmental interference with temperature, humidity, wind, rainfall, pests and, especially, light. There is a wide range of responses from plants to light depending on the species in cultivation, making the quality and quantity of light, or even their absence, as limiting or stimulating factors for the growth and jas.ccsenet.org As a primary source of energy, light is directly related to the photosynthetic efficiency (Taiz & Zeiger, 2004) and the correct supply in quantity and quality provide, besides adequate conditions, better assimilation by the vegetable.

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