Abstract
The concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including α-, β-, γ-, and δ-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, dieldrin, aldrin, endrin, endrin aldehyde, endrin ketone, endosulfan I, endosulfan II, endosulfan sulfate, p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDD, p,p′-DDT, methoxychlor, chlordane I, chlordane II, and heavy metals, such as As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Ni in surface water samples from the Konya closed basin were determined to evaluate the level of contamination. Among all HCH isomers, β-HCH is the main isomer with a concentration range of 0.015–0.065 μg/L. DDE, DDD, and DDT were almost determined in all samples, in which DDE isomer had the highest concentration ranged from not detected to 0.037 μg/L. In all studied OCPs, aldrin showed the highest concentration at 0.220 μg/L. The concentrations of heavy metals in water samples were observed with order: Mn < Cu < Ni < As < Cr < Fe. In some samples, As, Fe, and Cr concentrations exceeded the drinking water quality recommended by EU, US EPA, WHO, and Turkish Regulation, while Cu, Ni, and Mn concentrations are below the guideline values. The levels of both OCPs and heavy metals were also compared with other previously published data.
Highlights
Heavy metals occur naturally in soils and rocks entering the biogeochemical cycle
The objectives of this study are to investigate the levels of heavy metal (As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Ni) and Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including α, β, γ, and δ-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, dieldrin, aldrin, endrin, endrin aldehyde, endrin ketone, endosulfan I, endosulfan II, endosulfan sulfate, p, p-DDE, p, p-DDD, p, pDDT, methoxychlor, chlordane I, and chlordane II in selected surface waters that can be drinking water sources in Konya closed basin, in order to provide a sufficient data for developing realistic risk reduction measures
The results from this study provide important data for the literature because it is the first study that report the levels of OCPs and heavy metals of surface water in Konya closed basin (Turkey)
Summary
Heavy metals occur naturally in soils and rocks entering the biogeochemical cycle. Heavy metals that enter aquatic system are deposited in suspended particulate matter and sediments that can be a long-term source of contamination [4]. Most of OCPs were banned in many developed countries, some developing countries are still applying them for agricultural and public health purposes due to their low cost [7]. They accumulate in the environment owing to their persistence and lipophilic properties [8, 9]. High levels of OCPs are still being detected in various environmental media, especially in seafood [10]
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