LEVELS OF INTERLEUKIN-6, FERRITIN, C-REACTIVE PROTEIN, LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE, D-DIMER, FIBRINOGEN AND PROCALCITONIN IN BLOOD OF COVID-19 PATIENTS: ITS CORRELATION TO THE DISEASE SEVERITY IN PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY MEDICAL COLLEGE IN EASTERN INDIA

Abstract

The clinical spectrum of SARS CoV 2 infection appears to be wide, encompassing asymptomatic infection, mild upper respiratory tract illness, and severe viral pneumonia with respiratory failure and even death, with many patients being hospitalized with pneumonia This study was a hospital based, cross sectional, observational, non interventional study. This study took place in Medical College and Hospital , Kolkata , study duration was from May 2020 – July 2022 .One-hundred and three patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection as tested by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) test were included. Those presenting with fever and/or respiratory symptoms and chest x-ray ndings suggestive of lung infection were diagnosed as having COVID-19 pneumonia (n = 69). Those identied to be positive for RT-qPCR test but did not have any symptoms were considered asymptomatic (n = 34). The results showed that the mean of the serum level of IL6 ,CRP, ferritin, LDH, and D Dimer was higher signicantly (P ≤ 0.000) in COVID19 patients compared to the healthy control group . The mean of theses parameters is signicantly increased in patients with severe coronavirus infection and reached (28.63 ± 14.67 pg/ml,471.60 ± 202.92 pg/ml and 443.55 ± 99.38 IU/L) for IL 6, ferritin, and Lactate Dehydrogenase(LDH) respectively, while in patients with simple to moderate infection, the levels of IL6, ferritin, CRP, and LDH is reached (9.56 ± 0.66 pg/ml, 232.14 ± 161.29 g/ml, 25.64 ± 22.53 mg/ml, and 335.80 ± 97.63 IU/L) respectively. We also found that total lymphocyte count was decreased signicantly (P = 0.018) in patients infected with SARS CoV2 (mean = 13.66 ± 4.29), in contrast, neutrophils count was increased signicantly (P ≤ 0.000) in patients (90.43 ± 12.40) compared with healthy subjects (51.63 ± 5.66). Though for more detailed research a study with much more larger sample size,and study design like prospective cohort should be taken for better understanding of the altered levels of those parameters over the morbidity and mortality of covid 19 positive patients.