Levels of Immunoglobulin A1 in Peri-Implant Fluid and Saliva from Patients with Mucositis: A Preliminary Study

Camilla Christian Gomes Moura,Andreia Espindola Vieira,Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira Soares,Maria Aparecida De Souza,Paula Dechichi

doi:10.1590/0103-6440201302235

Camilla Christian Gomes Moura, Andreia Espindola Vieira + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201302235

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Abstract

There are no studies evaluating the possible use of immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) as an early marker for peri-implant inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the IgA1 levels in peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) and saliva of partially edentulous patients as an indicator of mucositis. Twenty-seven patients were examined to determine the peri-implant status based on probing depth and bleeding on probing. Saliva and PISF around dental implants were collected and the IgA1 levels were evaluated by Elisa assay. IgA1 in saliva and PISF of these patients were compared and their correlations with clinical parameters were evaluated. Differences in IgA1 levels in saliva (821.1 ± 290.6; 779.8 ± 401.5) and PISF (26.6 ± 20.7; 25.1 ± 20.5) of healthy and mucositis groups, respectively were not observed (p>0.05). Correlation between clinical parameters and IgA1 in saliva or PISF was not observed in healthy or mucositis groups (p=0.607; p=0.826, respectively). These results suggest that IgA1 cannot be used as an immunological marker of mucositis.

Highlights

The predominant immunoglobulin of mucosal secretions is IgA [1], which is divided into two subclasses, immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) and IgA2 [2,3,4]
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the IgA1 levels in the peri-implant sulcular fluid and saliva of partially edentulous patients to determine the potential use of this immunoglobulin as an early indicator of peri-implant disease, and evaluate whether IgA1 levels around implants are associated with salivary levels and with mucosa inflammation
The present study used traditional clinical parameters to determine the peri-implant status of patients with different dental implant systems [15,16]

Summary

Introduction

The predominant immunoglobulin of mucosal secretions is IgA [1], which is divided into two subclasses, IgA1 and IgA2 [2,3,4]. The IgA1 predominates in serum, teeth and implants, and is a compound of sulcular fluid [3,5], while IgA2 is found in higher concentrations in external secretions like saliva [1,5]. Both IgAs are found in saliva and sulcular fluid due to the intimate contact between the secretions [2,3,5,6]. The similarities between teeth sulcular fluid and periimplant sulcular have led to research evaluating the same biological markers present around teeth in order to analyze peri-implant sites [7,8,9,10]. These markers provide more sensitive and reliable tool than clinical or radiographic exams when diagnosing and monitoring the progression of the disease around teeth and implants [8,11,12,13]

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