Abstract

<p>Archaeological applications of behavioral ecology apply models developed for synchronic phenomena to diachronic trends. Some problems arise out of this mismatch, one of which involves distinguishing between functional and historical levels of explanation. Historical explanations attempt to outline the diachronic emergence or evolution of some behavioral trait or strategy; in contrast, functional explanations attempt to explain the adaptive benefits an individual gains from a behavior or strategy. Here we examine the relationship between these two levels of explanation with technological and subsistence data from California's central coast, specifically focusing on explaining the function of seemingly paradoxical transitions in fishing technology that occurred during the late Holocene. By keeping these two levels of explanation separate and distinct, we highlight how archaeologists can explain the adaptive function of prehistoric human behavior that occurred within a particular historical context.</p><p>Las aplicaciones arqueológicas de la ecologia behaviorística aplican modelos desarrollados para fenómenos sincrónicos a tendencias diacrónicas. Algunos problemas provienen de esta falta de armonía, uno de los cuales implica distinguirse entre niveles funcionales e históricos de la explicación. Las explicaciones históricas intentan perfilar la aparición diacrónica o la evolución de algún rasgo behaviorístico o estrategia; en contraste, las explicaciones funcionales intentan explicar las ventajas adaptables que un individuo gana de un comportamiento o estrategia. Aquí examinamos la relación entre estos dos niveles de explicación con y datos tecnológicos y de subsistencia de la costa central de California, que expresamente nos concentra en la explicación de la función de transiciones aparentemente paradójicas en la tecnología de pesca que ocurrió durante Holocene tardío. Guardando separados y distintos estos dos niveles de la explicación, destacamos como los arqueólogos pueden explicar la función de adaptación del comportamiento humano prehistórico que ocurrió dentro de un contexto histórico particular.</p>

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