Levels of Chromium, Copper, Iron, Magnesium, Manganese, Selenium, Zinc, Cadmium, Lead and Aluminium of honey varieties produced in Turkey

Sema Sandıkcı ALTUNATMAZ,Umit Bora BARUTÇU,Filiz AKSU,Duygu TARHAN,Nural Pastacı OZSOBACI,Mehmet Erman OR

doi:10.1590/fst.19718

Abstract

Abstract Honey is a natural animal product. The elemental composition of honey varies greatly depending on the source of nectar, honeydew, pollen and environmental conditions. The aim of the present study was to determine the levels of chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and aluminium (Al) in a total of 65 honey samples procured from different regions of Turkey. Element levels were measured by using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometer (ICP-OES). Minimum and maximum levels of the elements, indicated as µg/g wet weight were as follows: Cr: 0.126-7.964, Cu: 0.223-198.361, Fe: 3.506-1278.778, Mg: 5.830-309.783, Mn: 0.096-29.496, Se: 0.418-19.879, Zn: 1.734-245.205, Cd: 0.000-0.297, Pb: 0.000-3.035, Al: 0.775-155.585.

Highlights

Turkey ranks second among the other honey producing countries with an annual (2017) production of 114.471 tons (Turkish, 2017; Kaftanoglu, 2017)
The aim of the present study was to determine the levels of chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and aluminium (Al) in a total of 65 honey samples procured from different regions of Turkey
Mg; microelements Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se and Zn and toxic elements Cd, Pb and Al were determined in a total of 65 honey samples

Summary

Introduction

Turkey ranks second among the other honey producing countries with an annual (2017) production of 114.471 tons (Turkish, 2017; Kaftanoglu, 2017). Turkey, owing to its rich plant diversity and favorable climate due to geographical features comes to the forefront in terms of production of high quality honey varieties with high mineral content (Kılıç Altun et al, 2017). Pine honey which is rich in mineral content is mainly produced in Turkey. Apart from the above mentioned minerals, honey may contain Fe, Cr, Se, Cu, Mn, Zn, Al, Pb, As, Cd and Hg, depending mainly on environmental factors (Kılıç Altun et al, 2017; Mutlu et al, 2017; Fernández-Torres et al, 2005). Honey is recognized as one of the indicators of environmental pollution (Mutlu et al, 2017; Turhan, 2007)

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion