Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disrupter, can migrate from packaging material into food stuff. This research was designed to measure BPA levels in makdous, a traditional Syrian food. Forty three samples of makdous stored in different plastic containers (polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and unspecified plastic containers) were analyzed every 3 months for one year beginning July 2017. Quantification of BPA was carried out by an RP-HPLC system equipped with fluorescence detector after solid phase extraction. Migration was found in PE and PP plastic containers with slight differences. Statistically significant differences in BPA levels were observed between samples assayed after two weeks of preparation and samples assayed after 12 months (mean 16.32 vs. 38.26 μg/kg, p value=0.003). According to these amounts, BPA levels were all under the specific migration limit of 0.05 mg/kg as newly referred in Regulation (EU) No 2018/213. These levels of exposure would only contribute to 2.15% and 2.75% of the EFSA t-TDI in both men and women respectively based on mean dietary exposure estimates derived from a 24-h dietary information study from 875 participants. Hence there are no concerns about potential health risks from makdous consumption.
Highlights
Bisphenol A (2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane) is a recognized environmental chemical substance that mimics estrogen
The present paper reports for the first time the determination of Bisphenol A (BPA) in the traditional Syrian dish, makdous, by using solid phase extraction followed by HPLC in the aim of assessing human exposure
Tawfik (2005) had previously proved that global migration of different types of plastic food packaging materials into different type of vegetable oils was temperature dependent and slightly higher into oil contained high amount of shortchain and unsaturated fatty acids. These increased levels could be due to the addition of new quantities of olive oil continuously to the stacked makdous as a normal procedure to keep it immersed all the time which is traditionally done in houses
Summary
Bisphenol A (2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane) is a recognized environmental chemical substance that mimics estrogen. It is used primarily as a monomer in the production of polycarbonate plastic (PC), and epoxy resins (Hoekstra, Simoneau, 2013; Vom Saal, Hughes, 2005). It is used as a non-polymer additive in several consumer products, including internal coating of metallic cans, pipes for drinking water, thermal paper, dental fillers, cigarette filters, water pipes and tableware (Biedermann et al, 2010; Huang et al, 2012).
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