Abstract
In ASEAN region, buildings and industry sectors account for about 24% and 28% of total energy (415 Mtoe) consumption, respectively. A significant share of the building and the industrial energy consumption is for process heating applications, i.e., hot water for manufacturing and services, in the temperature range of 60–150 °C. Thus, an effective utilization of solar thermal energy for process heating applications could contribute to a reduction of fossil energy consumption in the regions where solar energy is available all year-round. For industrial heating applications, thermal efficiency of solar collectors is typically ranging between 60% and 75% depending on collector type and fluid temperature inside the collector. The levelized cost of thermal energy (LCOEth) for industrial heating from solar thermal systems is determined being in the range of 5–9 USD cents per KWhth with strong sensitivity toward collector price, collector efficiency, and financial parameters such as financial leverage, discount rate, and taxes in each country.
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