Abstract
Background:Stroke is increasingly becoming a major cause of disability and mortality. However, it can be prevented by raising awareness about risk factors and early health care management of patients.Objective:The aim of this study is to assess the level of knowledge on stroke, its risk factors, and warning signs in the population attending urban primary health care centers in the city of Agadir, Morocco.Methods:This is a multicentric cross-sectional study with a descriptive and analytical purpose. The study was conducted at five urban primary health care centers in Agadir in centralwest Morocco. All persons over the age of 18 years who consulted the health centers and who agreed to fill in the questionnaire were recruited, except for the foreign population and health workers. An interview questionnaire was used to assess the level of knowledge on stroke.Findings:A total of 469 participants were involved in the study. The median knowledge score was 8 (Interquartile range 4–13). High blood pressure (55.7%), depression and stress (48.8%) were the most well-known risk factors. Sudden weakness of the face, arms or legs (37.3%) was the main warning sign cited by the participants. Multivariate analysis revealed that illiteracy (OR 1.92; CI95%: 1.08–3.44) primary education (OR 3.43; CI95%: 1.63–7.21), rural residential (OR 1.67; CI95%: 1.07–2.59), no history of stroke among respondents (OR 16.41; CI95%: 4.37–61.59) and no history of stroke among relatives, acquaintances, or neighbors (OR 4.42; CI95%: 2.81–6.96), were independently associated with a lower level of knowledge of stroke (Table 4).Conclusions:The low level of knowledge on stroke among this Moroccan population indicates the importance of implementing stroke education initiatives in the community. More specifically, proximity education and awareness programs ought to be considered to anchor lifestyle preventive behaviors along with appropriate and urgent actions regarding the warning signs of stroke.
Highlights
Stroke is the second leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide, with more than 13 million new cases per year, and is associated with an increased economic burden due to different treatments and post-stroke care [1, 2].§ Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Zohr, Agadir, MA ‖ International School of Public Health, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, MA ¶ Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Agadir, University IbnStroke incidence and mortality have increased in the countries of the Middle East and North Africa over the past decade, and projections indicate that stroke-related deaths will approximately double by 2030 in the same region [3, 4]
The present investigation represents a first proposal in Morocco to assess the level of knowledge about stroke, as well as the factors associated with it, among people attending health centers belonging to the network of primary health care centers in Agadir in central-western Morocco
The majority of respondents mentioned that stroke is a disabling disease, which is consistent with the results found in a study of Arab-Muslim Israelis which highlighted that stroke is always associated with physical burden, disability, and dependence [11]
Summary
Stroke is the second leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide, with more than 13 million new cases per year, and is associated with an increased economic burden due to different treatments and post-stroke care [1, 2].§ Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Zohr, Agadir, MA ‖ International School of Public Health, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, MA ¶ Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Agadir, University IbnStroke incidence and mortality have increased in the countries of the Middle East and North Africa over the past decade, and projections indicate that stroke-related deaths will approximately double by 2030 in the same region [3, 4]. Insufficient knowledge of risk factors, warning signs, and urgent therapeutic approach options have been identified as a serious cause of increased mortality and morbidity due to stroke [7]. This knowledge deficiency has been identified as one of the significant barriers to accessing quality health care for stroke in Africa, as well as a factor affecting pre-hospital time [8, 9]. Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the level of knowledge on stroke, its risk factors, and warning signs in the population attending urban primary health care centers in the city of Agadir, Morocco. Proximity education and awareness programs ought to be considered to anchor lifestyle preventive behaviors along with appropriate and urgent actions regarding the warning signs of stroke
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