Leukocyte DNA damage after reduced and conventional absorbed radiation doses using 3rd generation dual-source CT technology

Abstract

PurposeComputed tomography (CT) scans are an important source of ionizing irradiation (IR) in medicine that can induce a variety of DNA damage in human tissues. With technological improvements CT scans at reduced absorbed doses became feasible presumably lowering genotoxic side effects. Materials and methodsFor measuring DNA damage we performed γH2AX foci microscopy in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) after exposure to reduced and conventional absorbed radiation doses using 3rd generation dual-source CT (DSCT) technology. ResultsCT scans performed at reduced absorbed doses of 3mGy induced significant lower levels (p<0.0001) of DNA damage (0.05 focus per cell±0.01 [mean±standard error of mean]) at 5min after IR compared to conventional absorbed doses of 15mGy (0.30 focus per cell±0.03). With ongoing DNA repair background γH2AX foci levels (0.05 focus per cell) were approached at 24h after CT with both protocols. ConclusionOur results provide evidence that reduced absorbed doses mediated by adjusted tube current in 3rd generation DSCT induce lower levels of DNA damage in PBMC compared to conventional absorbed doses suggesting a lower genotoxic risk for state-of-the-art tube current reduced CT protocols.