Leukoaraiosis is associated with poor outcomes after successful recanalization for large vessel occlusion stroke

Abstract

Leukoaraiosis (LA) is related to the dysfunction of the microcirculation and results in the impairment of the perfusion state. We investigated the association of LA and poor outcomes after successful recanalization by thrombectomy. We retrospectively analyzed 97 patients with anterior large-artery occlusion who underwent thrombectomy and had successful recanalization (modified Treatment in Cerebral Ischemia Scale score 2b or 3). All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). LA was evaluated using fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MRI and graded using the Fazekas scale. Poor functional outcome at day 90 and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) were compared between patients with absent to mild LA and moderate to severe LA. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association of LA severity and outcomes. Moderate and severe LA occurred in 28.9% and 26.8% patients respectively. A higher proportion of poor outcomes were observed in patients with moderate to severe LA compared to patients with absent to mild LA (77.8% vs. 39.5%, p < 0.001). Logistic regression analyses showed patients with moderate to severe LA had 3.77 times (95%CI 1.21-11.76, p = 0.022) higher risk of having poor outcomes compared to patients with absent to mild LA. LA severity may be associated with poor outcomes after successful recanalization for ischemic stroke with anterior large vessel occlusion.