Abstract
We read with great interest, “When the Heart Runs Out of Heartbeats: Treatment Options for Refractory End-Stage Heart Failure,” by Ahmad et al,1 which describes the successful bridging of a patient with heart failure and cardiogenic shock to heart transplantation. This case highlights the potency of therapy in the era of mechanical circulatory support and raises the issue of how long to wait before implementing long-term mechanical circulatory support. Specifically, the patient described by Ahmad et al progressed from ambulatory to cardiogenic shock supported for 3 weeks on an intra-aortic balloon pump before implantation of a left ventricular assist device. Although definitive data are lacking, …
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