Abstract
Introduction: In view of their considerably high rates of mortality and morbidity, burns are still viewed as one of the most important health-threatening environmental hazards imposing a significant burden on the health care system in low and middle-income countries. This study seeks to determine the lethal area fifty percent (LA50) in all burn patients admitted over a period of five years and the factors influencing mortality in burn injuries. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional carried out from 2010 to 2014 in Sina Hospital of Tabriz, 1226 participant including 319 women, 346 men, 272 girls, and 289 boys were selected through stratified sampling. The demographic and clinical data of patients ( their age, gender, burn type, TBSA, the season and consequences of burning) were all extracted and then analyzed, using descriptive statistics (measures of central tendency and variability) and inferential statistics(chi-square and linear regression)at a significance level of 0.05. The LA50 was calculated through determining the relationship between the total body surface area and mortality rate (The extent of the body burns measured and recorded based on Lando Chart in hospitals). Results: The highest (47.6%) and the lowest (3.8%) rates of burns were observed among those aged below 16 and above 65, respectively. The majority of the participants were residents of cities (55.4%), married (34.6%), illiterate (56.6%), and housewives (14.8%). Most burns were caused by accidents (98.4%) at home (90.6%). Most patients had suffered first- and second-degree burns (68.4%), with no inhalation damages (99.5%). Hot liquids were the main culprit in most of the burns (58.7%) and the upper extremities were the most frequently affected areas (34.8%). There was .99 rise in mortality for every percent increase in TBSA, and there seemed to be a significant relationship between the age level and the eventual outcome- the higher the age, the more likely for the incident to end in death.LA50 was also determined 43.73 percent for five years. Finally, the study findings showed that female gender, TBSA and age are associated with death from burn. Conclusion: Given the high LA50 index at this center, it is of high priority in our country to enhance the public knowledge and the quality of the care provided for the burn patients. Patients at risk including women, children, elderly and extensive burns should be considered.
Highlights
In view of their considerably high rates of mortality and morbidity, burns are still viewed as one of the most important health-threatening environmental hazards imposing a significant burden on the health care system in low and middle-income countries
The results showed that there a significant relationship between gender and burns outcome (P
The present study showed that the rate of burn injuries is higher among urbanites, the burns ending in death are comparatively more frequent among villagers, which seems to imply that there exists a significant correlation between mortality place of residence shows
Summary
In view of their considerably high rates of mortality and morbidity, burns are still viewed as one of the most important health-threatening environmental hazards imposing a significant burden on the health care system in low and middle-income countries. Burn injuries are considered a major problem around the globe[6] Damages resulting from burns are among the major concerns of the public health which may afflict the victims both acutely and chronically, bringing about serious death toll.[4] The highest rate of deaths resulting from burns belongs to South-East Asia, India, and the Middle East.[7] In the US, 1.25 million people are annually hospitalized for burn injuries, 4500 of whom eventually die This imposes a total cost of $ 7 million per year on the health system of the US, with a mortality rate of 10%.8,9. The annual death toll resulting from burns has been reported to be 4.6-5.6 out of every 100,000 people.[11]
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