Abstract
The newly-hatched fry of four fish species were exposed for 10 days in semistatic tests at pH values of 4.00–6.00 to AI at nominal concentrations of 0–800 μg 1 −1. Test waters were made in lake water (Ca 0.11 mmol 1 −1 by adding H 2SO 4 and Al 2(SO 4) 3. Based on the observations on mortality (LC 50) and swimming activity (EC 50), the four species had the following ranking for their sensitivity to acidity and Al: roach > pike perch > whitefish > pike. At the end of the 10-day test the LC 50 and EC 50 values of Al were identical for the most sensitive species, roach, whereas those for pike and whitefish were significantly different at that time. Al and low pH clearly retarded pike and roach yolk-sac fry growth, which was coincident with a slower absorption of the yolk. Al decreased pike growth at pH values ≤ 5.25 and roach growth even at pH 5.75. In whitefish, which have a small yolk sac; the effects of pH and Al on growth were not so clear. In general, the more Al the water contained, the more toxic was the acidic water. The threshold pH values (lowest pH for survival and safe pH) for the four species were, depending on the Al concentration: pike 4.0–5.3 whitefish 4.5–5.5 pike perch 4.8–5.8 and roach 5.0–6.0.
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