Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer. With dramatic improvements in survival observed since the 70’s, it progressively became evident that the long-term survivors faced late morbidity, late mortality and psychosocial troubles.In 2010, the EORTC developed the retrospective 58LAE study in order to evaluate the long-term outcome of the 2621 eligible childhood ALL survivors enrolled between 1971 and 1998.The first sub-project project showed that ETV6-RUNX1 positive patients had better long-term outcome and had specific sensitivities to treatments. The second sub-project showed that omission of cranial radiotherapy did not increase the risk of relapse and was associated with a higher incidence of second neoplasms and late toxicities in medium and high-risk patients, without central nervous system (CNS) involvement. The third sub-project identified hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, cranial radiotherapy and having a relapse as risk factors for worse socio-economic outcome. Finally, the fertility status of the survivors was also evaluated.The 58LAE project has raised several challenges when translated into the “real-life” setting, which include the difficulties of following childhood cancer survivors throughout their transition to adult life; the statistical analysis of a cohort of patients treated in multiple clinical trials and along different years; the need for combining different approaches to gather sufficient quality patient data; and the challenge of overcoming the healthcare administrative and regulatory obstacles.New ways of addressing survivorship studies are needed to address these challenges.
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