Abstract
There are concerns regarding the risk and the course of COVID-19 in pregnancy and in the neonates. In this review, we aimed to present the current understanding of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during pregnancy and neonatal periods considering diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and prevention. Few studies on pregnant women with COVID-19 have been conducted between December 2019 and April 2020. The majority of patients applied in the third trimester and presented with fever and cough. Ground-glass opacities and consolidation on computed tomography were reported to be common. COVID-19 was proposed to have a milder course than SARS and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in pregnant women. Hydroxychloroquine and antiproteases (lopinavir/ritonavir) were reported to be safe; however, therapeutic efficacy and safety of remdesivir still lack evidence. As ribavirin and favipiravir have teratogenic effects, there are some debates on the use of ribavirin in severe cases. There is still no clear evidence of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 during delivery. Occupational safety issues of pregnant healthcare workers on the frontline should be considered as their risk to develop severe pneumonia is higher because of altered maternal immune response. Knowledge about neonatal outcomes of COVID-19 was based on studies of the last trimester of pregnancy. There is much to be learnt about COVID-19 in pregnant women and in the neonates, especially concerning prognosis- and treatment-related issues.
Highlights
We aimed to present the current understanding of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during pregnancy and neonatal periods considering diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and prevention
Knowledge about neonatal outcomes of COVID-19 was based on studies of the last trimester of pregnancy
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
Summary
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Infected infants confirmed with molecular tests (or whose condition cannot be determined because of lack of testing), but without symptoms of COVID-19, can be discharged on a case-by-case basis with appropriate measures and frequent outpatient follow-up contacts (telephone, telemedicine, or in-office) within 14 days after delivery. If the mother is in the same house, she should maintain a distance of at least 2 m for as long as possible, and when she is close to the neonate, she should use a mask and hand hygiene for neonate care up to mother without fever for 72 h without using antipyretic, improvements of symptoms, and has negative results from a molecular assay for detecting SARS-CoV-2 from at least two consecutive nasopharyngeal swab samples collected at 24-h intervals, or another family member may care the baby in this time period [66, 68]. Financial Disclosure: The authors declared that this study has received no financial support
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