Abstract
In the era of technological advances and innovations in transportation technologies, application of driving simulators for the investigation and assessment of the driving process provides a safe and suitable testing environment. Although driving simulators are crucial for further improvements in transportation, it is important to resolve one of their main disadvantages–simulator sickness. Therefore, suitable methods for the assessment of simulator sickness are required. The main aim of this paper was to present a non-invasive method for assessing simulator sickness by recording gastric myoelectrical activity–electrogastrography. Open-source hardware for electrogastrography together with recordings obtained in 13 healthy volunteers is presented, and the main aspects of signal processing for artifact cancellation and feature extraction were discussed. Based on the obtained results, it was concluded that slow-wave electrical gastric activity can be recorded during driving simulation by following adequate recommendations and that proposed features could be beneficial in describing non-ordinary electrogastrography signals.
Highlights
Driving simulation is a tool that provides an alternative to on-road testing in a safe, reliable, and efficient manner [1]
We present open-source hardware dedicated for the acquisition of EGG signals
We report on its performance in SS assessment when driving in Nervtech’s 4DOF motion-based car driving simulator with haptic feedback (Nervtechd.o.o, Trzin, Slovenia) [22]
Summary
Driving simulation is a tool that provides an alternative to on-road testing in a safe, reliable, and efficient manner [1]. Since its first use during World War II [2], it has been widely used for training and assessment of driving skills This method, compared to traditional field testing, offers many advantages, such as safety, simplicity, cost efficiency, and variability regarding driving conditions [2]. One of its pitfalls is simulator sickness (SS), a condition including a variety of unpleasant symptoms that influences quality of experience, increases rate of drop-outs, and limits the effectiveness and duration of the training [3,4]. It can be described by the following physical sensations: headache, sweating, dry mouth, drowsiness, disorientation, vertigo, nausea, dizziness, vomiting, etc.
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