Lessons from Remarkable FinTech Companies for the Financial Inclusion in Peru

Patricia Vilcanqui Velazquez,Vito Bobek,Romana Korez Vide,Tatjana Horvat

doi:10.3390/jrfm15020062

Abstract

Financial inclusion, defined as the adequate access and usage of formal financial services to improve people’s lives, is a crucial area for the economic development of a country through its various angles. This paper analyzes the impact of selected FinTech companies on financial inclusion in their respective countries to obtain lessons of their business models and country environments that can help Peruvian financial inclusion. The selected FinTechs are M-PESA in Kenya, Nubank in Brazil, GCASH in the Philippines, and Easypaisa in Pakistan, which revolutionized the financial sector in their respective countries. However, a comparative study of their impact on financial inclusion in their respective country has not been conducted yet; therefore, the lessons obtained are helpful for the Peruvian situation due to their practical implications and because they raise possible areas for further and deeper research. The approach of this study considered a qualitative and quantitative method (to find a Pearson correlation between the percentage of the population of Country (A) that are users of FinTech (a) and the six selected demand-side indicators per country retrieved from the Global Findex Database) analysis to understand the results obtained. The results obtained indicate that M-PESA and GCASH, companies specialized in providing basic mobile money transactions such as remittances and withdrawals, did not impact the provision of other financial services such as savings or credit cards. In Easypaisa’s case, this company positively impacts the studied indicators, probably due to its original partnership with a microfinance institution. Regarding Nubank, despite its remarkable growth in the last years, the company does not affect financial inclusion in Brazil yet. Nonetheless, after its recent expansion to provide more financial services, future research could assess the impact of this company on Brazilian financial inclusion.

Highlights

This paper aims to study selected indicators of remarkable Fintech companies in Kenya, Brazil, Pakistan, and the Philippines to gain valuable lessons for financial inclusion in Peru
The results obtained indicate that M-PESA and GCASH, companies specialized in providing basic mobile money transactions such as remittances and withdrawals, did not impact the provision of other financial services such as savings or credit cards
The primary purpose of this research is to search for lessons that could be learned from great FinTech companies in Kenya, Brazil, the Philippines, and Pakistan to help financial inclusion in Peru

Summary

Introduction

This paper aims to study selected indicators of remarkable Fintech companies in Kenya, Brazil, Pakistan, and the Philippines to gain valuable lessons for financial inclusion in Peru. This goal will be achieved through a deep but summarized understanding of the definition, importance, and determinants of financial inclusion and the causes of financial exclusion. After a basic literature review, this study aims to provide solid and consistent evidence of the benefits of financial inclusion for people and many reasons people are financially excluded Among these reasons include geographical difficulties or physical access, the lack of proper documentation such as, for example, identification purposes, and the high prices or fees of financial services, which discourage low-income people from access to financial services (Stein et al 2011)

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