Lesões de pele em pacientes hospitalizados em contenção mecânica: estudo de coorte

Abstract

The study aimed to mark one between the appearance of skin lesions and a mechanical lesion in hospitalized adults and elderly. Performed in medical and surgical clinic units in a public hospital, located in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data collection took place over a period of approximately 8 months, beginning March 7 to November 25, 2018. The total sample was 74 by adults and the elderly, distributed in two groups of 37, one in mechanical restraint and the other without restraint, and both groups without expression of skin in the first evaluation. The two groups were followed for 15 days in 6 days of random interval with interval of at least 1 and at most 4 days. The lesions were caused by incontinence, dermatitis and friction-associated dermatitis. The case of pressure was the category of the w / the has a led in a congruent in the case in the case of the case of an process case with an analysis with 2.7%. The most common location of the pressure lesion was in the sacral region. The date was classified as 1 and 2. The recovery time of the lesion was evaluated in 11 days of hospitalization. It was found that the chances of patients in use were corrected by the patient's blood pressure. The overall incidence of friction injury was 5.4% (4 cases). In the group of unrestricted patients there was no incidence of Skins Tears and in the group of restricted patients the incidence of Skins Tears was 10.8% (4 cases). The overall incidence of Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis was 9.5% (7 cases). In the group of patients not included the incidence of Incontinence Associated Dermatitis was 8.1% (3 cases) and in the group of patients with the incidence of ICD it was 10.8% (4 cases). The difference between these incidences is not statistically significant (p-value = 1,000 from the Fisher's exact test). It was concluded that the use of restraint is associated with the risk of pressure injury. It is recommended the implementation of care measures in the careful evaluation of the patient using mechanical mechanics, together with the prevention of pressure injuries. As the assistance measures aim to restrict the time necessary and the monitoring in the use of containment. The product of the dissertation was an educational video about the study data for the broad dissemination of the “For the Culture of non-restriction of the older person”, available in: https://youtu.be/2Lp6GzrHVQg